Chapter – 3 Coordinate Geometry 1. 2. Cartesian System Plotting a Point in the Plane with given Coordinates • Coordinate Geometry: The branch of mathematics in which geometric problems are solved through algebra by using the coordinate system is known as coordinate geometry. • Coordinate System: Coordinate axes: The position of a point in a plane is determined with reference to two fixed mutually perpendicular lines, called the coordinate axes. In this system, position of a point is described by ordered pair of two numbers. • Ordered pair: A pair of numbers a and b listed in a specific order with 'a' at the first place and 'b' at the second place is called an ordered pair (a,b) Note that ≠ (a,b) (b,a) Thus (2,3) is one ordered pair and (3,2) is another ordered pair. In given figure O is called origin. The horizontal line X1 OX is called the X-axis. The vertical line YOY' is called the Y-axis.
P(a,b) be any point in the plane. 'a' the first number denotes the distance of point from Y-axis and 'b' the second number denotes the distance of point from X-axis. a - X - coordinate | abscissa of P. b - Y - coordinate | ordinate of P. The coordinates of origin are (0,0) Every point on the x-axis is at a distance o unit from the X-axis. So its ordinate is 0. Every point on the y-axis is at a distance of unit from the Y-axis. So, its abscissa is 0. Note: Any point lying on − X axi s or − Y axis Y-axis does not lie in any quadrant.
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